The Influence of Mass Media on the Young Male Image Essay

Mass media creates a stereotype promoting an image of how a young man should act, appear, or resemble in todays society. The media has a great influence over what we view and hear as a society and it can have an effect especially on a younger men and the image that they want to portray. Moreover, the media has a lot to do with the image we perceived in our minds and young men are easily perusable by what they see or hear. With the media flooding negative influence, it builds up to having this negative effect on younger men by how they look and feel about themselves and others. Furthermore, a man even a younger one is not to expose their vulnerabilities, weaknesses or to even to display emotions such as love and fear. In addition,†¦show more content†¦While young men in the media are portrayed as having the characteristics described above, they are discouraged to portray other physical characteristics. However, Lyness states that, â€Å"Guys put enough pressure on them selves, but what about the pressure society puts on them to be perfect? It used to be that only girls felt the pressure of picture-perfect images, but these days the media emphasis on mens looks creates a sense of pressure for guys, too. And sometimes that as-advertised body is just not attainable (par 5). Furthermore, it could give a younger male viewer a false sense on what is considering being a normal self-mental image. Another example how the media creates this false image in younger males minds is by the programs that air over the networks helping create this false image in younger male generation. Comparably, in Michael Abernethy article about Male Bashing on TV, he describes how this bashing is affecting men of all ages, The jokes have become standard fare, he says. Abernethy is describing how younger men are the butt of all jokes and that how by, Looking at a handful of sitcoms makes the situation seem relatively insignificant, but when those sitcoms are combined with dozens of negative ads, which repeat frequently, then a poor image of men is created in the minds of viewers (Abernethy, 14). With this, Abernethy is pointing out how the media is influencingShow MoreRelatedThe Influences Of Mass Media On Society864 Words   |  4 PagesThe Influences of Mass Media on Society For the greater majority of the American society, the presence of mass media is a normal part of everyday lives. With the purpose of mass media being to educate, entertain and inform, the excessive violence, self imaging, and lack of full detail on world events, is having negative influences and unhealthy impacts on society. As early as the 1920s, a form of the media has been present in the American society. 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Religion Vs Monotheism - 1220 Words

1. Define, compare, and contrast monotheism and monism. Include examples of each to support your analysis. Religion has existed as long as human beings walked this earth as a powerful way of uniting and relating to other people. Even though many religions have their moral, cultural, historical, and doctrinal differences that may cause conflict to arise among them, there are many similarities present among monotheists, polytheists, and even monists that most people do not realize. If we break down the word monotheism, mono signifies â€Å"one, and theism signifies â€Å"god†. According to Ernst Haeckel, a well renowned biologist, philosopher, and professor, humans usually don’t de-personify god, they treat â€Å"it†,â€Å"he†, or â€Å"she† as having emotions, a†¦show more content†¦Usually, the â€Å"all-powerful† source of everything it is not even seen or worshipped as a God (Richter 31). Religions such as Hinduism is a prime example of Monism, where Brahman is the force behind the entire physical world, but he is not seen or worshipped as a god (Ritcher 31-32). Monotheism and Monism, even though they are completely different concepts, they have a similarity in the case that both of them, whether a belief in one God, or a belief in a â€Å"power†, both believe in the concept of the â€Å"ultimate† being or force or in other words final being above all things on earth (Richter 33). When we learn to find similarities in the midst of what seems to be two different worlds, we will learn to find peace and understanding among each other that wasn’t present before. 3. Identify one religion’s concept of selfhood. Explain the psychological, sociological, and cosmological dimensions of that concept. Christianity is one of the world’s most widespread religions, next being Islam and Hinduism. It is considered a monotheistic religion, even though it has started controversy because the holy trinity is considered 3 Gods, it is also part of the Abrahamic phase along with Judaism and Islam. According to National Public Radio, 2.2Show MoreRelatedWeek 2 Jainism Vs Essay866 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Jainism vs. Sikhism Worksheet Rebecca Viramontes REL 133 June 2, 2015 Rev Dr Dwight Cooper University of Phoenix Material Jainism vs. Sikhism Part I Read the assigned chapters for the week and complete the following table. Be as specific as possible when identifying practices, beliefs, rituals, and historical elements. Cite sources in APA formatting. Core Beliefs Jainism Sikhism 1. Ahimsa- nonviolence belief means extremely gentle or harmless. This is the core belief in Jainism. Read MoreThree Religions : One God1467 Words   |  6 PagesThree Religions: One God Christianity, Islam, and Judaism are three of the most influential religions in the world. 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They both have unique characteristics and quite a few different aspects. This point-by-point research will compare and contrast the founders of the monotheistic religions; Muhammad and Jesus. Both founders show us the way to one God, but each man has different methods of leading people to this understanding. Jesus and Muhammad considered Abraham their

Biology Notes free essay sample

Some students measured the pH of water containing elodea, a common water plant. The students wanted to learn how much carbon dioxide elodea removes from the water. The students knew that decreasing levels of carbon dioxide correspond to increasing PH. Which cellular structure in elodea carries out the process that is most likely to result in increasing pH? Which structures, if found in a cell, would provide the best evidence that the cell is? Where In the cell do the following occur? Calvin cycle, calculuss, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain. Students in a biology class tested the effects of antibiotics on the growth of bacteria. They cultured bacteria in four glass Petri dishes and then added different amounts of antibiotic to each dish. After the experiment Is completed, what should be done with the Petri dishes? After an experiment in which students cultured live bacteria, they soaked their Petri dishes in bleach before washing and reusing them. We will write a custom essay sample on Biology Notes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What is the purpose of soaking the Petri dishes in bleach? What are the cell walls of Members of the Kingdom Plantar made of? What are the cell walls of Members of the Kingdom Fungi made of? Why are the classification of an organism and the scientific name of an organism are different? Define and differentiate: hypothesis, fact, theory, law In which part cell does the Calvin Cycle take place? What is the main organelle of cellular respiration? What Is Bio-luminescence? What organelle traps light energy for use in photosynthesis? What is the most common pigment contained in a photo-system? Why cant roots photosynthesize? Where is the energy stored in a molecule of ATP? How do humans store excess energy? Name two molecules are involved in carbon fixation? What cell processes requires energy? Name the type of cellular transport that doesnt require energy What are the products of alcoholic fermentation? Where in a plant cell is the oxygen we breathe produced? What forms when only ONE phosphate group bonds in the process of forming? In which part of a cell does the Citric Acid Cycle take place? Biology Notes free essay sample Four major classes: Carbohydrates (made of simple sugar/glucose), Lipids (Glycerol and Fatty Acids), Proteins (Amino Acids) and Nucleic Acids (Nucleotides) * Condensation reaction/dehydration synthesis: a reaction that creates a covalent bond between two interacting subunits. Removal of H from one functional group and an OH from the other, and the H come together to form a water molecule (H2O). Anabolic process because it results in the construction of large molecules from smaller subunits * Hydrolysis reaction: a catabolic process in which a water molecule is used to break a covalent bond. Combustion) * Entropy (S) is the measure of randomness and disorder in energy (or collection of objects), like playing cards. It increases when: Solids become liquids/gasses, Liquids become gasses, Fewer moles of reactant form more moles of product, Complex become simpler molecules (polymer to monomer, glucose to CO2 and H2O), Solutes move from area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration, Diffusion. We will write a custom essay sample on Biology Notes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * Exothermic, increase in entropy= spontaneous * Endothermic, decrease in entropy= not spontaneous * Otherwise, spontaneity depends of temperature Gibbs’ Free Energy * Free energy (Gibbs’ Free Energy) (G) is Energy that can do useful work. Spontaneous if its negative. Water moves, creating heat. This is showing the energy being lost as heat * The entropy of the universe increases with any changes that occur (second law of thermodynamics) * Activities in the body increase order in the universe through anabolic processes. This is contradicting the second law of thermodynamics. They couple these reactions with catabolic processes that counteract them completely, which will increase entropy in the universe (ex. Lifting potato chip into mouth) * Energy in muscles * More potential * Less entropy * Increases in cellular respiration and digestions by breaking down molecule * Increases in the sun as photosynthesis creates order. This disorder will eventually burn out the sun, as there will be no free energy.

Madeline Barnard Essays (530 words) - Analgesics, Euphoriants

Madeline Barnard HS-102-01 Professor Coffey 11 October 2016The Opium War From the years of 1839 to 1842 and 1856 to 1860 the Opium Wars started a fight for power between China, and the west. During this time period many events accrued which lead to the repair of the relationship between China and the west. Slowly with many treaties were signed and the opium trade came to a stop ending the wars. The Opium Wars was a time of conflict that gradually resolved over time. Britain was a major power that played a part in the opium trade, both Britain and China fought about the abolishment of the trade of opium. But there were other concerns that caused the hostilities. Some other concerns that caused the hostilities were how the British wanted to open China's ports because they rejected Lord George McCartney offers to have direct trade ties with Britain and emperor (Purdue). Additionally, both Britain and China abused their prisoners and used other barbarous behaviors (Purdue). Also, Chinese scholars were concerned and confused how to handle the situation of the new European influence that was seen in their country. This is because some of the Chinese scholars liked the European influences, while others wanted everything to stay the same (Purdue). One global circumstance that contributed to the conflict of the opium trade was how Britain was obtaining the opium. Since China demanded to be paid in silver, Britain needed to find a solution because they were afraid that their country would run out of silver. They decide to trade to China in a very conniving way. Britain came to a conclusion that they would trade Opium to India and receive silver as payment. Then Britain would give the silver they received from India to China to get the goods they needed. This was another factor that contributed to the Opium War. Although, Britain did play a big part in the Opium War so did the United States. The United States signed The Treaty of Wangxia, which ended the Opium war and established five treaty ports for the western nations. The treaty also created a crossword for Chinese's and Western culture (Article). This made trading between the countries much easier and something they have been working towards for many years. Both The United States and Britain both used China but it was for their own good. For example, as the volume of trade grew, however, the British demanded greater access to China's markets. Tea exports from China grew from 92,000 pounds in 1700 to 2.7 million pounds in 1751 (Article). Both countries were doing what was best for them and what would benefit their country. Furthermore, it is shown that a new relationship was formed between China and the rest of the world by opening treaty ports. Throughout this time period, there was conflict throughout China and the west. Eventually by signing a treaty the conflict was resolved and new treaty ports were opened. Creating an open trade system throughout the world. Even though the west took advantage of China, in the end, it all worked out for the better.

Why The United States Dropped The Atomic Bomb Per Essay Example For Students

Why The United States Dropped The Atomic Bomb: Per Essay suasive Essay The atomic bomb is the subject of much controversy. Since its first detonation in 1945, the entire world has heard the aftershocks of that blast. Issues concerning Nuclear Weapons sparked the Cold War. We also have the atomic bomb to thank for our relative peace in this time due to the fear of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD). The effects of the atomic bomb might not have been the exact effects that the United States was looking for when they dropped Little Boy and Fat Man on Hiroshima and Nagasaki respectively (Grant, 1998). We will write a custom essay on Why The United States Dropped The Atomic Bomb: Per specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The original desire of the United States government when they dropped Little Boy and Fat Man on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was not, in fact, the one more commonly known: that the two nuclear devices dropped upon Hiroshima and Nagasaki were detonated with the intention of bringing an end to the war with Japan, but instead to intimidate the Soviet Union. The fact of Japans imminent defeat, the undeniable truth that relations with Russia were deteriorating, and competition for the division of Europe prove this without question. Admittedly, dropping the atomic bomb was a major factor in Japans decision to accept the terms laid out at the Potsdam agreement otherwise known as unconditional surrender. The fact must be pointed out, however, that Japan had already been virtually defeated. (McInnis, 1945) Though the public did not know this, the allies, in fact, did. Through spies, they had learned that both Japans foreign minister, Shigenori Togo and Emperor Hirohito both supported an end to the war (Grant, 1998). Even if they believed such reports to be false or inaccurate, the leaders of the United States also knew Japans situation to be hopeless. Their casualties in defending the doomed island of Okinawa were a staggering 110,000 and the naval blockade which the allies had enforced whittled trade down to almost nothing. Japan was quickly on the path to destruction. (Grant, 1998). Of course, the Allies ignored this for the reason that dropping the atomic bomb on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki would intimidate Russia. Had they truly been considering saving more lives and bringing a quick end to the war in Japan, they would have simply waited them out without the major loss of life seen at both Hiroshima and Nagasaki. At the Yalta conference, Franklin Delano Roosevelt asked Josef Stalin for Russian support in the war with Japan. (Claypool, 1984) In return for Russian Support against Japan, Roosevelt agreed to terms that some historians feel helped create more tension between the two countries because it gave Russia too much power in world affairs. (Claypool, 1984, Pg. 53) At the time, Roosevelt was not confident that the United States could win the war easily without Russian support. He simply assumed that Japan would have to be invaded (Claypool, 1984). After Roosevelts death on April 12, 1945, Truman was sworn in as President of the United States (Claypool, 1984). As situations developed and progress on the atomic bomb continued to increase, Truman felt that a Russian invasion of Japanese territory might not be necessary. If the atomic bomb was effective, there was no need to have the Russians invade Manchuria. . . There was always the possibility that a Russian invasion might mean communist rule after the war. (Claypool, 1984, Pg. 78) It was quite apparent, in fact, to many world leaders that the United States did not want Russian intervention once work on the atomic bomb had been completed. In fact, Prime Minister Winston Churchill has been quoted writing: It is quite clear that the United States do not at the present time desire Russian participation in the war against Japan.' (Claypool, 1984, Pg. 78) As World War II came to a closure, two new superpowers emerged: the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States obviously felt that if they could prove to the world that they had superior weaponry, that it would be held in the highest regard by all nations of the world. Hiroshima and Nagasaki gave them the power to do just that. .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .postImageUrl , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:hover , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:visited , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:active { border:0!important; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:active , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Teamwork Essay It is apparent that because of the troubled relations with Russia, and the confidence that the .

261 Intro to The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Professor Ramos Blog

261 Intro to The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Quick Write Quick Write Some claim that The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a masterpiece and one of the greatest American novels. Others disagree with this assessment. Based on what you have learned, which side do you agree with? Analysis of Literature The Five Moves of Analysis Mark Twain (1835 1910) Huck Finn

Controversy Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Controversy Analysis - Essay Example While leadership goals are a part and parcel of education system in this country, understanding the future implications of the education system in the career of a person is very important. Therefore, bringing out leadership qualities in a person must be accompanied by standards of leadership that he or she achieves to meet (Tyack, 1990, 188). When such set standards are used, the extent to which a person can handle leadership challenges becomes clear to the employer. One must remember that even if a person is highly educated, he or she might still lack superb leadership qualities. Therefore, instead of going by grades and academic records, if student leadership skills are quantified, then right candidates get the right degree of job (Berliner, 2013, 206). The main goal of education stays ambiguous even today. There are several definitions of a goal but if a goal decides whether the process of education has been fruitful for the country, then its goals will be different than if the process decides if education has been fruitful for the individual student. Setting up goals on a national level, that focus on individual fulfillment, will help diminish income inequality in the society (Labaree, 1997, 40). Teachers, trainers and mentors need to have a good grasp of the goal or aim of holding a training session or simply completing the class course (Elmore, 2000, 16). Yes, just as redefining educational goals is of prime most importance today, constantly reminding teachers of how well they need to fulfill these goals is also important. Educators have to be told why they need to exercise values of neutrality and strict assessment in grading and placing their students, to be able to remove income inequality. Although their contribution is going to be of less importance owing to inexperience, student involvement in curriculum and assessment protocol decisions is a healthy way to encourage participation and extract performance.

What does Katznelson mean by white affirmative action How do U.S Essay - 1

What does Katznelson mean by white affirmative action How do U.S. government policies effect non-white Americans - Essay Example Katznelson points out that African Americans were legally excluded from government programs such as; unemployment insurance, social security, grants, assistance of elderly and poor. The blacks were segregated through; theological justification, harsh enforcement, economic compulsions, political institutions, social conventions, and racist ideas (Katznelson 5). The age of whiteness was marked by restricting Black Americans from crossing the set social boundaries, and this was implemented by the police state that had the authority. In addition, the author mentions that; although, Europeans and African Americas fought alongside each other at the Second World War, some eastern and southern Europeans, through the white affirmative action, got full rights at the expense of African Americans. This paper discusses the meaning of â€Å"white affirmative action† from Katznelson’s point of view, and address how U.S. government policies affect non-white Americans. When Katznelson talks of â€Å"white affirmative action†, he refers to the way in which various government programs, which were constituted in the 1930s and 1940s segregated the blacks. The authority of white affirmative action was prescribed in the constitution, society, and peoples’ minds. In his context, when the government programs segregated the blacks, they worked on the opposite direction and favored the whites. Therefore, the government programs became affirmative actions for the white race. White affirmative action was seen when the government used; the Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) and National Labor Relations Act (1935) to formulate worker reform, which would result in getting rid of domestic, as well as, agricultural labor (Katznelson 62). In this manner, Black Americans became segregated in that they could not find employment. The white affirmative action within the U.S. government was propelled by

Evaluation of natural composit materials in structures Essay

Evaluation of natural composit materials in structures - Essay Example 331). In relation to structures, natural composite materials have been employed in the formation of load-bearing elements. These include roofs, beams, multipurpose panels, pedestrian bridges and water tanks. Beams are vital components in bridges, buildings and other structures. In fact, beams are considered to be structural elements that are in flexural mode or bending. They may have rectangular or square cross section depending on the requirements of a structure or even the design. Beams are commonly made of reinforced concrete, timber, laminated veneer lumber or steel profiles. Research shows that recent developments of using natural composite beams lead to possible weight, cost, time and installation advantages. There is therefore an opportunity for the use of natural composites in the construction of structural beams. This opportunity can be also explored in construction of pedestrian bridge girders because they demand moderate design loads. The use of natural composite materials in beam construction is necessitated by the low cost and densities of natural fibres and their environmental benefits. Among the feasible concepts of natural composites is the composite sandwich beam. The composite sandwich beam incorporates the use of several layers of materials. More often than not, the same material is utilised for the slim bottom and top section and the compact core material located in between. The core is of lesser strength as compared to the material utilized for the bottom and top. Dweib et al. (2004, p. 150-151) have analysed and formulated sandwich beams which constitute cellulose fibres that are made from paper that is reused, foam core and Acrylated Epoxidized Soy-bean Oil (AESO) which has added strength. An I-shaped beam was another idea that was derived from the natural composite beam. Using the Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding technique, soybean oil based resin system and woven burlap (jute fabric) composite has been utilized in a successful man ner to produce an I-shaped beam (Alms, Yonko, McDowell and Advani, 2009, 83). According to Marsh (2000, p. 57), the primary design methods that are normally utilized in structural design are tensile stiffness, bending stiffness, bending strength and tensile strength [36]. For some applications like roof however, impact strength is as well crucial. For polyester which is strengthened by glass fibre to be utilized as roof materials it has to demonstrate a tensile strength that is not less than 50 MPa and have no hole or crazing or cracking visible after being tested. It also has to demonstrate SREC2010-F1-5 4 impact resistance of 1.96 J in Australian standard. Roof material needs to be designed in a manner that it supports all types of loads whether it is live load, dead load and at other instances snow load. Other features of the material are; it should be water resistant, lightweight, weather resistant (for instance ultraviolet light resistant) and fire resistant. Coming second to e lectricity, the roofing sector is the second largest user of glass fibre in the construction and building sector in Europe. In third rank, in terms of percentage, is the utilization of glass fibre for industrial infrastructure which includes tanks, pipes and corrosion

Effects The Newspaper Industry Media Essay

Effects The Newspaper Industry Media Essay The benefits aggregation services like Google News gain is that the information they put on the site have additional content and provides a broader view of the topic, industry and subject matter. That is what appeals to the readers, as they can skim through the important news they want to read and dont need to go through the unimportant news like in newspapers or TV. Online news aggregation services like Google News are changing the way news is being advertised to people. Since the creation of Google News, it has become one of the best innovations for the company in terms of subscriptions to their feeds and revenues they generate through readers. What Google does best is that it gathers interesting things and presents them in new ways to appeal to the vast audiences. Effects on the newspaper industry During the past decade, the Internet has become an important news source for most Americans. According to a study conducted by the Pew Internet and American Life Project, as of January 2010, nearly 61 percent of Americans got at least some of their news online in a typical day. (Isbell, 2010). This statistic shows us that there is a lot of reliance on the internet for news. People have forgone the traditional practices of getting their news through newspapers, magazines and TV. Thus, there is a decline in the traditional media these days. News Corporations Rupert Murdoch and Associate Press Chairman Dean Singleton have reasoning to believe that the major cause of the decline in the traditional media is due to the rise of the news aggregators. According to this theory, news aggregators from Google News to The Huffington Post are free-riding, reselling and profiting from the factual information gathered by traditional media organizations at great cost. (Isbell, 2010). Aggregation services threaten the print media because they are emerging as the new front page which people skim through every morning for headlines instead of going to any single newspaper site. (Schonfeld, 2009). The other reasoning behind low print media numbers is that companies have started to advertise more on the sites as they cost much less as compared to advertising on the newspapers. The problem with newspapers these days is that there are about 20% top headline stories and the rest of the 80% is usually not relevant or uninteresting to the reader. Aggregation sites create loads and loads of important headlines from all over thus captivating the audience. The value not only comes from skimming through the website material but clicking the links to the various headlines creates value. Of course newspapers are failing because you surely cannot capture the readers attention with only 20% news and the other 80% being irrelevant. Aggregation services use automated logarithms to get really good content, and thus its not only the front pages that captures the audience attention but the other pages are as interesting as the first one. Basically newspapers cater to the needs of a higher class of people who earn higher than average income whereas aggregation services like Google News cater to every age group as anyone can access the news from anywhere with no fear of purchasing any material on the web they read. Plus, the cost of paper, ink, postage, and physical distribution will never be a contender in a world of electronic communication. Therefore, newspapers are now creating websites for their readers and advertisers. The classified sections on the newspaper are being threatened because sites like Craigslist are seeking a share of the classified market. This shows that the task is becoming more difficult as newspapers try to serve a diverse audience of readers. Aggregation services are fast in staying up to date in their industries, track competitors, monitor industry blogs, and follow specific Websites. Aggregation services get the best of their data in a very speedy manner meaning that they get their news feeds as soon as a special event or news occurs. In short, newspapers are struggling to attract the customer base they once had due to technological advances on the internet. Aggregation services improving over the years I will take example of Google News and how they have approached online aggregation services. Google News over the years has improved and has grown smarter than many other aggregation services. They keep track of user behavior which is very important as peoples view and opinions change daily and is never on one thing. Google News uses a very different algorithm to that used for their Google search. Google News uses a closed index whereas their search engine uses an open index. Now, the difference is that in a closed index Google News will only capture the news related items, whereas in an open index the search engine will take everything into consideration thus making the database even bigger. Thus, Google News gets their information in a more real time manner which is faster and becomes easier for users to find what they are looking for. Other aggregation services are also taking note of this and improving their services as well. Aggregation services are less concerned of what type of medium they will be using and are more concerned about making sure that the news continues to be flowing for example those enterprise journals, editorials and other things that can be seen in the newspapers. Therefore, their main concern or interest is to try and make sure that the news not only survives but thrives. The only way to ensure the speediest delivery of news to the audience, aggregation services use specialized algorithms to get these cluster of news out to the readers thought their internet sites rather than the traditional newspapers which takes longer and hold up to 60% of ad space. If we look at the pace at which the media is going online, news is the area which would benefit the most when it is online. With something new happening every other minute, breaking news becoming a daily issue, with updates and alerts which require something more than the traditional media network, it is the time that the news gets online. Every time there is breaking news it is posted online for the internet users to stay in touch without any effort to do the same. (Chris Williams, n.d.). I mean the best way for a person to stay up to date with the latest information is to log in to one of the online sites and check the news rather than having the hassle of buying a newspaper or turning on the TV or the radio. It saves a lot of time for a person to do this. The competition to make the news more attractive is lesser in the online world, considering the fact that it is simpler in most ways than the print media. The print media requires you to come up with innovative ideas every other day to stay afresh in the emerging competitive market. Comparatively, in the online news market the competition to stay new is less. (Chris Williams, n.d.). Therefore, sites like Google News and The Huffington Post dont really care whose site is better, but rather are interested that the news they are providing is being read by the audience and that it is getting to every person in a timely manner.

How does Shakespeare examine the themes of revenge in Hamlet Essay

The revenge tragedy established itself within Elizabethan theatre as a tremendously popular genre. The style of the play had gradually evolved from the works of Seneca, an ancient Roman playwright. Once translated these plays performed, steadily rose in popularity, with plays such as Middleton’s ‘The Changeling’, Kids ‘The Spanish Tragedy’ and Tourneurs ‘The Revenger’s Tragedy’ being most popular. The ‘typical’ revenge tragedy play has several important conventions within it, which are key to the genre. see more:revenge hamlet A five part structure of: Exposition, anticipation, confrontation, partial execution and completion, portray the central character – the revenger, discovering the deed he must avenge, wrestling with his conscience over the justification and validity of the act, then planning and eventually executing the act of revenge. Often Jacobean revenge tragedy often questioned the revengers’ morality. How far does the task of revenge affect the revenger? How far does it taint the person? How can the audience be sure the protagonists’ madness is not actually real? Is it possible that the conflicting morality suffered by him brings unto the revenger real madness and mental instability? The questions over morality are furthered by the death of the protagonist another generic feature. Elizabethans generally firmly believed in the concepts of ‘heaven’ and ‘hell’, dying without forgiveness from God would mean eternity in perdition like the limbo in which Old Hamlet is in, in Hamlet ‘When I to my sulph’rous and tormented flames Must render up myself’. As the revenger usually dies at the end of the play after carrying out revenge, he dies without the chance of confession and absolution. This means the act of murder has not been forgiven. Inevitably this leads us to assume the protagonist will spend eternity in hell. We can debate the authenticity of the spirit demanding for revenge. If they were once a loved one of the revenger why would they make them vow to perform a deed, which would lead them to damnation? Could it be that the spirit is not in fact the spirit of the deceased but an evil spirit taking their form, tricking the revenger? After dispensing with some of the generic features, such as narrative by the ghost, it retains many of the conventions of the revenge tragedy. Hamlet is summoned to avenge the murder of his father, by his father’s spirit, the murderer being Hamlets’ uncle, now stepfather and newly crowned King Claudius. Hamlet feigns madness to disguise his intentions of revenge and has a play entitled ‘The Mousetrap’ performed, in which the murder of Old Hamlet is re-enacted. On preparing to kill Claudius Hamlet is set back by Claudius asking for forgiveness from God in a moment of prayer. This leads to an inevitable climax, which results in the death of Hamlet, Claudius and Laertes in a typically bloody ending. All of these events are to be expected from a revenge tragedy. Further more, Hamlet contains several scenes, key to its portrayal of the revenge theme. In act one, scene five Hamlet follows the supposed spirit of his father and is informed of his fathers murder â€Å"I am thy fathers spirit†¦ sleeping in mine orchid a serpent stung me†. This scene conveys the task of revenge being set, the whole of the play hinges on this event. The imagery within this scene is also telling. Old Hamlet is dressed in battle fatigue, thus symbolizing him as a war-king; the audience having been informed of the war he started against Old Fortinbras. This suggests that Old Hamlets position in hell is right and not solely due to him being unable to confess before his untimely death. This suggests repercussion on whether or not Hamlets’ soul will actually be damned, having not confessed but essentially living a good life. If the nature of damnation does in fact relay solely on whether or not one has lived a good life, and not whether or not one has confessed ones sins, then it is possible Hamlet has gone to heaven, thus Shakespeare can be seen to be subverting the ideas of religion within the revenge tragedy genre. Young Fortinbras comments â€Å"Bear Hamlet like a solider†, in death Hamlet is viewed as a hero, in this context it is not difficult to assume he has escaped damnation The theme of kingship is continued in Act two, scene two. We are presented with an image of Claudius, which is in direct contrast to the one presented of his predecessor. Talk of Claudius averting war with Young Fortinbras, shows the new king to be one which favour’s diplomacy to war. Surely such a king is more advantageous for Denmark than a bloodthirsty leader like the image we are presented of Old Hamlet. This furthers the question of whether Hamlet has enough moral justification to take a life, especially one that is so beneficial to the country. This scene is also important as the first signs of Hamlet feigning madness are demonstrated to the audience. In act three, scene two the feature of a play within a play is portrayed. Claudius is outraged by what he sees â€Å"Give me some light. Away†. Hamlet interprets Claudius’ reaction to the play as unequivocal proof of his guilt. This a crucial turning point in the play. Up to now Hamlet has been unsure of whether or not to perform his ‘duties’. That he is assured by Claudius reaction (poor evidence in hindsight) may illustrate Hamlets degradation by the mission he has been set. â€Å"I’ll take the ghost’s word for a thousand pound† In Act three, scene four the death of Polonius can be seen to serve multiple purposes. In its most insignificant form it leads Ophelia further into the madness, which eventually leads to her death. Also it demonstrates how the revenge plot has affected Hamlet â€Å"A bloody deed. Almost as bad as kill a king and marry his brother. † He has killed, in cold blood and without provocation, the father of his love and yet seems to show little remorse. Can Hamlet still be seen as the hero of the play when he himself is placed in the same situation as Claudius? Polonius’ death introduces a secondary revenge plot. Laertes now has to avenge his father’s death, inviting the audience to compare Laertes and Hamlet as revenger. The alleged actions of Claudius have provoked a cycle of revenge plots, in which all involved are led to their deaths. The penultimate scene of the play affects the resolution of the three revenge plots. Hamlet and Laertes both achieve revenge, in doing they so they sacrifice their earthly bodies and possibly their eternal souls. Young Fortinbras revenge on Denmark for his country as he and his armies easily occupy, thus turning previous defeats on their head. Both Hamlet and Laertes at the beginning of the play were both well-liked and talented men; Hamlet had the possibilities of becoming king bestowed upon him. Yet at the end each die as a murderer who is damned to Hell. Hamlet in this form can be seen as a severe commentary on the idea of revenge, that it is the role of God to act upon those who have wronged, not the individuals’. A modern audience may read Hamlet in ways different to that of a Jacobean counterpart would have viewed it in. Themes of religion are very strong in the play, and while an Elizabethan audience may have had a strong belief in the concepts of divine retribution, a modern audience may be less convinced by this. Religion is not as central to modern life as it was in the era the play was written. Thus issues such as deeds on earth having direct consequences on a persons’ fate in the afterlife- a crucial part of the genre, lessen in their importance.

Impact of micro finance on women Essay

Microfinance is not a new concept in these days it is recognized as a most powerful and effective tool to reduce the poverty. Empowerment of women is one of very important issue in developing countries. It is not only seen as a development objective in itself but as a means of promoting growth, reducing poverty and promoting better governance (World Bank, 2001). Microfinance plays role in improving women decision making by contributing in economic activities. In this study we will evaluate the impact of microfinance on indicators of women’s empowerment in the urban slums of the Lahore district of Pakistan. In this study gender’s equity, self-confidence, and status will specifically design and implement to explore the link between microfinance and women’s empowerment. This study will justify that microfinance can improve the position of women through: i. Access to independent income ii. Control over savings and credit use iii. Ability to bring productive asset to household economy iv. To maintain gender equity In this study an attempt will made to explore the socio economic determinants of women empowerment in which microfinance will central economic determinant. This study will collect the data through survey that is a quantitative research strategy that involves the structured collection of data from a pre-determined sample. Questionnaires could be filling through Self-administrated, Online or Postal. We will apply Correlation statistics to determine the mutual relationship between gender equality, self-confidence, status and women’s empowerment. Then we will apply Regression analysis to measure the relationship gender equality, self-confidence, status and women’s empowerment. This study will relate to the women in the Lahore city. The fewer resources and sources are the big problem. Limited time period is also the limitation of this study. Estimated  time for completing this research is approximately 5 to 6 months and the expenditures are approximately Rs. 10,000/- (PKR). Key Words: Microfinance, Women empowerment, Gender’s equity, Self-confidence Introduction The first project of microfinance in Pakistan was initiated in 1960s when Dr. Akhtar Hameed khan implemented the idea of microcredit and launched the Comilla Project as an experiment of microcredit. After that, various initiatives were taken in the field of microfinance in the following decades including Orange Pilot Project in Karachi, Agha Khan Rural Support Program (AKRSP) etc. Working women contribute to national income of the country and maintain a sustainable livelihood of the families and communities, throughout the world. As they face many socio- cultural attitude, legal barriers, lack of education and personal difficulties. Traditionally, women have been marginalized. They are rarely financially independent and often they are more helpless members of society. About 70% of world’s poor are women. Yet they have no access to credit and other financial services. Therefore, microfinance often target women. Microfinance is a critical tool to empower women from poor household. So, particularly women can get benefit from microfinance institutions as many microfinance institutions target only women, to empower them. In the context of Pakistan, where social and economic empowerment of women is still very low, it is important to identify interventions through which this empowerment shortage could be reversed. In the Global Gender Gap Report, published by the World Economic Forum in 2007, Pakistan is ranked at 126 amongst a total of 128 countries. Women Empowerment Empowerment of women means to let women survive and let them live a life with dignity, humanity, respect, self esteem and self reliance. Empowerment is also related to the process of internal change (Mayoux 1998) and to the capacity and right to make decisions (Kabeer 2001). It consists of change, choice and power. Kabeer (1999) stresses that women’s empowerment is the process to acquire the ability from which those who have been denied the ability to make the strategic life choices. Her emphasis that ability to exercise choice incorporates three interrelated dimensions: Resources, Agency and Achievements. According to UNIFEM, â€Å"to generate choices, gaining  the ability and exercise bargaining power†, â€Å"developing a sense of self worth, to secure desired changes, belief in one’s ability and the right to control one’s life† are important elements of women empowerment. Women will be empowered when they will have full control over their own life. Microfinance Microfinance is a powerful tool to self empower the poor people especially women at world level and especially in developing countries. Microfinance activities can give them a means to climb out of poverty. From early 1970’s women movement in number of countries increasing to improve poverty through microfinance programs. The problem of women less access to credit was given a particular concentration at First International Women Conference in Mexico in 1975. The evolution of microfinance is from Bangladesh since late 1970s and a very successful project. But in Pakistan, the movement of microfinance sector started from Agha Khan Rural Support Program (AKRSP) and Orangi Piolt Project (OPP). With the passage of time microfinance becomes NGO activity and five microfinance banks have been started under State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) ordinance. Role of Microfinance in Women Empowerment The logic of microfinance’s potential for empowerment is similar to the economic model of empowerment: microfinance makes women economically independent by putting capital and financial resources in their hands. Economic independence results in higher bargaining power for women in their households and communities, and subsequently results in higher prestige and self-esteem. The focus on women’s empowerment in the context of microfinance brings to light the significance of gender relations in policy development circles more prominently than ever before. Women are vaunted as a ‘weapon against poverty’ (DFID 2006, 1). Microfinance is a type of banking service which provides access to financial and non financial services to low income or unemployed people. Microfinance services lead to women empowerment by positively influencing women’s decision making power at household level and their overall socioeconomic status. By the end of 2000, microfinance services had reached over 79 million of the poorest of the world. As such microfinance has the potential to make a significant contribution to gender  equality and promote sustainable livelihood and better working condition for women. (ILO Geneva) It has been well documented that an increase in women resources or better approach for credit facilities results in increased well being of the family especially children. (Maoux, 1997; Kabeer, 2001). Chaudary and Nosheen (2009) women empowerment is one of important issue of present day development policies in developing countries. Since empowerment is multidimensional concept, it is determined by many socio economic factors and cultural norms. Cheston and Kuhn (2002) stated that microfinance programs have been potential to transform poor relation and to empower women especially by using case study of Sinapi Aba Trust. Although women access to financial resources has substantially increased yet loans given to women differ in sizes. In spite of this, just financial help not enough to empower women and improve well being but if they are properly designed then they make important contribution to women empowerment.

JDB Essay Example

JDB Essay Example JDB Essay JDB Essay Competition within the herbal tea market also remains relatively low because there is no competition for herbal tea existing at the current market. It is suggested that Gadabout use the direct export to enter the Australia and use the contingency approach to enter the market. It is also recommended it to use a pull strategy, such as to invest a TV show to help build brand awareness and relationships with their target market. 1. 0. 0 Gudgeon Gadabout Drink Food Co. , Ltd. 1. 1. 0 Company background Gadabout Group is a large beverage enterprise owing to their healthy drink in Hong Kong. With the nationwide development strategy, they established Gudgeon Gadabout Beverage Food Co. , Ltd as a subsidiary to enter the Mainland China market. Currently, Gudgeon Gadabout Beverage Food Co. , Ltd played a leading role in healthy drink industry in China based on its famous product red-canned Gadabout, which as a kind of ancient herbal tea and has more than 170 years of history. They also have the non-alcohol drink, such as juices and bottled water. The sales network of Gudgeon Gadabout Beverage Food Co. Ltd has extended more than 30 provinces in mainland of China, and it also entered some countries in Southeast Asia, Europe and the US. 2. 0. 0 Marketing Mix 2. 1. 0 Positioning Positioning refers to some sustainable competitive advantage or unique ailing proposition of products as a critical factor to over other competing brands (Keller, 1 998, star. 77). According to the Unique Selling Proposition strategy, Gadabout positioned as a kind of beverage that prevents excessive i nternal inflammation and started their marketing activities based on it (DIB, 2012). 2. 2. Target market Gadabout found the unique positioning that aimed at the majority of people who afraid of the internal inflammation. 2. 3. 0 Marketing mix 2. 3. 1 Product Gadabout is a kind of function drink based on traditional herbal tea hundreds years ago to prevent inflammation in China. After the brand war with Guanos Wangling Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Gadabout still use the red can with the Chinese character Gadabout instead of Wong Ala Kate. 2. 3. 2 Price The price of Gadabout is higher than most beverages in China since it is a special healthy drink from various Chinese herbal. . 3. 3 Place Gadabout is sold through the supermarkets, retail-stores and restaurants, especially hot pot, and barbecue restaurants. All places are where people may get excessive internal heat. 2. 3. 4 Promotion Gadabout is the most popular local brand in China for several years, one of he most important factors is the huge investment on advertising. Firstly, they use story as a mini movie to promote through national TV channel on the golden time. Secondly, they design the great poster to explain the function of the herbal tea; it implies the company concentrate on customers healthy. The satisfaction of basic human needs will trigger the search for higher levels of needs (Mathew, 1993). Thirdly, Gadabout invested 60 million in the show called Voice of China, a Chinese reality talent show, become the most popular topic in current China. Since 2001 , Gadabout has donated more than ARM 8 lion Yuan to help more than 1,600 students to have the chance to study. For the big earthquake in 2008, they donated 1 10 million Yuan as the biggest donor at a charity event broadcast live on CATV and immediately triggered a rise in popularity of herbal tea products. Gadabout dedicated to charity work charity for several years because it not only could set good reputation in the society, but also indirectly make contribution to advertising and brand promotion as a sustainable beneficial for the development of the company. 3. 0. 0 Australian marketplace 3. 1. 0 Market Environment Source : Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. 2013). Australia has a population is roughly 22. 7 million people and GAP per capita APP of US$44,074 in 2013. It is ranked as the second easiest country to do business since it offered one Of the best-regulated commercial environments in the world (World Bank Doing Business, 2013). The relationship be;men China and Australia was longstanding and played an indispensable role for both economic interests. China is Australias first largest export market and they commenced a Free Trade Agreement to further strengthen their business relationship. The tea market in Australia had total revenues of $ 1 1. Ban in 2012 with consumption volumes increased with a CARR of 4. 1 % between 2008 and 2012, which is expected to reach 4. Billion liters by 2017(Market Line, 2012). 3. 2-0 Consumer Behavior In Australian, a large number of customers prefer the healthy drink rather than caffeinated beverages cause healthy and wellness are still as the main factors to impact the purchasing decisions of customers. However, Consumers are affected by brand strongly, and the majority of competitors have to manage and deve lop their brands to capture the attention of customers. Overall, the buyer power is moderate. 33. Competitors In Australia, the majority of Customers do not like the taste of Chinese tea, which would attract many new products into the market. The substitutes for tea primarily include water, non-ready-to-drink hot drinks, alcoholic beverages and sodas. The Coca-Cola Company played the leading role account for approximately 36. 5% Of the market. Competitors in soft drink market distinguish their products by stressing their health benefits and taste, especially for functional drinks. Even though it would not easy for a new company to compete with the existing big brands, it would be possible to achieve small-scale success via a unique production method or nutritional benefits. Overall, there is a moderate likelihood of new entrants. 3. 4. 0 Opportunities In Australia, the awareness of health and wellness are the main factor to drive interest in tea market for the next several years. For the demographic factors, there are many Chinese people in Australia and most of them are Cantonese, they tend to the traditionally tea. Additionally, people in Australia like to eat some fry food, which are likely to get inflamed. 4. 0. 0 Entry Strategy Entry mode Advantage Disadvantage indirect exporting Low commitment in terms of resources] Low risk Lack of control Lack of contact with foreign market No learning experience Potential opportunity cost Direct exporting (foreign sales branch) More control (compared with direct exporting) More sales push (compared with direct exporting) More learning experience Need to build up foreign-based organizations] More demanding on resources Joint Venture Risk sharing Less demanding on resources Potential of synergies Risk of conflicts with partner(s) Risk of creating competitor Source: Adapted by Album and Udder (201 1), Mas (2008), Estate et al. 005) According to characteristics of the Gadabout, the origin regions and the development of its own brand are very important. So, it is not suitable for foreign direct investment. For the Joint venture, although it can use the local marketing channels effectively to reduce costs to enter the local market quickly, it would limit their brands promotion to restrict the long-term development. From long-te rm operation strategy, direct export has an advantage in establishing good brand effect, diversified distribution channels and effective social network. 4. 1. 0 Contingency approach Gadabout should use a contingency approach to enter the Australia market by maintaining their standardized model and making minor adaptations to the marketing mix to suit the marketplace (Leonardo et al, in Innovator et al, 2010). The need for adaptation increases according to the degree of cultural difference between two countries. However, in order to differentiate itself from competitors and build strong market share, it should adapt elements of its marketing mix to further appeal to Australian consumers. International strategies made by Gadabouts managers should have more consideration on preference of distance. Not only for geographic distance, but also culture, administrative and economic distances still need to be taken into account. 4. 2. O pull strategy This strategy aims to pull a product through the channels by making consumers end of a channel desire a product (Deanne, 2010). It incorporates most traditional advertising such as TV and radio commercials or newspaper advertisements. It also incorporates methods such as boosting word-of- mouth, or building brands online. The sales promotions, such as free samples, will help build brand awareness in the initial start-up period.

Cannery row essays

Cannery row essays In over thirty years of writing, from the late 1920s to the 1960s, Steinbeck has given ample indication that he is not the naive proletarian he has at times been called. His stories although almost always encouraging his reader to sympathize with his proletariat style characters are much more varied than this and it is believed by many critics that Steinbeck worked hard to lose his image of communist radical. This is what led Steinbecks harshest critics to challenge those that offered praise to Steinbeck. It is true that a majority of Steinbecks stories dealt with poor under privileged characters but Steinbeck also delt with other themes that where influenced by what he experienced in life. In contrast to what the critics have said Steinbeck is a writer who diligently exposed issues of the 30 year period and those issues which where close to his heart. His subject matter tended to be simple, but varied. For example, historical romance (cup of gold), myth (To a god unknown), ionic realism (the pasture of heaven) and epic folk (The grapes of wrath) are examples of subjects Through out his literary career Steinbeck was influenced by many political, economical and social issues of the 30yr period he was writing in. These include WW2, the great depression, womens influence and politics. Through these influences Steinbeck was able to create many books that encouraged his reader to critically think about themes that carried a One major influence in Steinbecks writing was born when his first two marriages ended in divorce. The major difficulties in these marriages arose from his fear of settling down and hence Steinbeck was forced to think about a womens influence on a man. Cannery Row reveals his horror of domesticity (being domestic) and the negative factors a womens influence brings about. When Mack and the boys from cannery row hu...

Alignment of Business and IT Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Alignment of Business and IT Strategy - Essay Example However, it is yet to be determined that alignment issues exist, and if they do how to control for these gaps. The results showed that to enhance business strategy there must be a focus on the organizational vision and improvement of communication of business strategy and vision. The alignment of the two organizational elements, were concluded to be directly affected by the coherence of a business department. Overall, it was recommended that a robust business architecture be developed, and that the organization create a separate and centralized IT department. During the past three decades IT ahs become essential to business operations. Initially IT was distributed over departments; decentralized; specialized; and limited in application. However, the authors do not provide insights as to why IT "increased and spread"; only examples of how. A common solution in the past was to have a separate IT department; however this was found to limit effective communication between IT department and other departments. The suggestion of IT departments reporting directly to management can create internal "politics". Management often prioritizes the issues and this can lead to resentment of IT staff by the end users in other parts of the organization. The isolation of IT strategy can also draw a significant amount of resources away from the overall business strategy. As a consequence, non-alignment increases costs in time, money and organizational harmony. 3.0 Literature Review Since the early 1980s alignment of IT and business strategy has been realized as a critical need. The primary inhibitors identified over time have included; the IT department not prioritizing efficiently; and IT management lacking leadership. Models have been developed such as; 1) Strategic Integration Systems Planning (SISP); and 2) strategic integration across the entire organization. Solutions to date for effective alignment are; 1) communication and understanding; 2) business ownership and accountability for return on IT investments; 3) rapid strategy development driven by climatic business changes; and 4) enhance the internal competencies of the business. 4.0 Method The method used to include the Alignment of Business and IT (ABIT) department of the Fortune 50 company to aid in the coordination of the project. The ABIT department created a list of potential employees who were considered to have a "balanced perspective". This is a limitation isn't that a random sample was not selected, and so the results cannot be generalized to other organizations, as the sample is not representative of the wider population. Instead, selection criteria could have been used to operationalize what a "balanced perspective" was. Three groups were created; 1) one having a business perspective; 2) one having an IT perspective; and 3) one having a "balanced" perspective. However, a pre-test could have been done first to identify a priori knowledge and to place people in groups based on their current knowledge.The questions for the interviews were developed with the aid of ABIT to identify gaps, however no information is given as to how these items were selected and if they were tested for their reliability and validity. Each group was interviewed with questions

SAP ERP Implementation [ A Case Study of Nestle USA] Research Paper

SAP ERP Implementation [ A Case Study of Nestle USA] - Research Paper Example Providing real time data for distributed systems gives power to the users and thereby the company to work efficiently. Company employees, even though they are working from different locations, would have access to the data and moreover, would be getting the same view of data. But, quite obviously, all this cannot be achieved free of cost. There are different kinds of costs involved including monetary crunch, issues with putting all this into practice, and also people management issues. But, all said and done, each and every ERP implementation has important lessons to be learned from. This leads to say that for a company, what so ever be the result of ERP implementation, the lessons are always significant. The case I would be taking into consideration is the Nestle case. In the year 2000, Nestle SA management team became conscious of the fact that if they want to maintain their position in the hugely competitive market, they need to streamline their processes and upgrade their systems . To serve this purpose, Nestle SA signed a bond with SAP. Nestle SA wanted to implement an ERP system across all its systems, they wanted all the employees and hence, the company to benefit with the ERP system. Back then, Nestle SA had its presence in 80 countries with a total of 230,000 employees overall. A huge sum of $80 million was assigned for the consultation, maintenance and up gradation of the existing systems. A time frame of three years was decided upon in order to complete the ERP implementation for the most competitive sites of Nestle. After the ERP implementation of these sites is completed, the other sites would be dealt with. The implementation included most aspects of a company’s product and operation management processes. They ranged from finance and monetary aspect handling, to supply chain, forecasting, capacity planning and BI segments. Another Nestle ERP implementation was that of Nestle USA. Nestle USA had quite a few different ledgers and customer acce ss points. The objective of implementing ERP implemented in Nestle USA was to consolidate these different data points to just one. Nestle USA faced a lot of challenges in implementing ERP. This was because of the fact that every location for Nestle USA was inclined to make their own decisions. There was a communication gap between decisions made by different locations and this lead to adverse effects on ERP implementation. A classic example of this was the story of Vanilla wherein each and every Nestle USA location had a different deal for vanilla price with the retailer, and the different locations were not even aware of this fact. (Ben, 2002) In spite of which subsidiary of Nestle is observed, the reasons and objectives for implanting ERP were the same. The goal involved grouping, synchronizing and merging all the operations of the firm despite of the distributed locations and nature of working. The ultimate objective was to increase revenue and to maintain the name of Nestle bran d in the highly competitive market. In addition to the mentioned goals, there was an essential necessity to unify and integrate all the company information so that the forecasting activities as well as different forms of data analyses could be done more easily. This would also lead to greater accuracy in deriving trends while doing market research and demand forecasting. Nestle USA did

Red Bull Marketing Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Red Bull Marketing Questions - Essay Example High income customers have high potential of consumption than low income customers. Therefore, the sales territories will be divided into high sales prospect and low sales prospects. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2012), Australia has a high number of employed people. The employment rate increased by 0.1 percent and this will result to increase in consumer’s consumption. This provides a basis on identifying the sales team territory. The sales territory will be divided into high sales potential and low sales potential territories. The sales team will be allocated roles to seek and increase sales among the income earning people and the unemployment. The income generating individuals constitute the high sales prospects territory while the unemployment make up the low sales territory. Additionally, the sales territory will be determined geographically. The sales team will be allocated responsibilities in different geographical regions. Different sales representatives will be assigned Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Western Australia, Australian Capital Territory and the Northern territory (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2012),. In addition, most people living in urban areas have a higher income than the people living in the rural areas. The sales team will be allocated responsibilities in different rural and urban areas. The size of each territory will be determined to decide the number of sales staff to be allocated. This will ensure that the sales representatives are not given too much or too little to do. This can result to over or under servicing of consumers. The sales personnel will be allocated territories appropriately to avoid over servicing of consumers. This can cost the Red Bull since over taxed sales representatives take on suboptimality in their activities. They will take a remarkably small number of leads; spend less time with existing consumers and spot few potential consumers.

Effective Employee Selection and Its Importance Essay Example for Free

Effective Employee Selection and Its Importance Essay One of the most important decisions comes when having to select an employee to fill a job vacancy. In the current labor market, highly qualified applicants are scarce and, among the existent ones, it is hard to spot the ideal candidate. Sometimes it is so urgent that a position be filled, that a person may win the job by default, or sloppy selection criteria may be applied. A quick fix may ease workload for a while, but it might prove lethal for the business viability itself in the long run. Therefore, a larger attention in the selection process can provide the business with employees who will finally produce the desired results. The analysis of the employee selection process is a fairly new practice. During the 70s, any systematic attempt to sort out skills was often unpopular (Lee, 50). This began to change during the 80s and into the 90s, when an estimated 80% to 90% of companies used pre-employment testing (Brindow and Spencer, 80). As Chris Lee states, we are returning to a focus on individual competence [†¦] objective standards are coming back in both education and employment (Lee, 49). Another survey by researchers Randall, Cooke and Smith established that 95% of employers who tried testing for screening sales candidates were still using it (Randall, 53). All the data shows the inclination of the modern businesses to highly stress on everything that will maximize the effectiveness of employee selection and, consequently, employee performance. Processing an applicant for a job normally entails a series of steps, which are determined by the size of the organization, the types of jobs to be filled or the number of people to be hired. The selection stage should be backed up by an effective recruitment process, which greatly depends on job analysis and job description. Job analysis is a process to identify and determine in detail the particular job duties and requirements and the relative importance of these duties for a given job. Job Analysis is a process where judgements are made about data collected on a job (HR Guide). Its purpose is to establish and document the job relatedness of employment procedures such as recruitment, selection, training, compensation and performance appraisal through its product, the job description. During the selection process, the job description is used in creating an accurate  advertisement for the job and attracts the proper candidates, that is, the persons that most probably will fit for the specific job. A realistic job preview, based on an accurate job description and specification (the qualifications demanded for the job), will help applicants understand what the job entails and make more informed decisions as to whether they want to apply for the job or not. According to Gregorio Billicopf of the University of California, selected applicants who understand both the positive and negative sides of a job, are most likely to stay and succeed. (Billicopf, 18). After the recruitment process has been concluded and the applicants have sent their resumes, the first step of the selection process should take place; screening the resumes. CVs provide basic information for use in the next step of the selection process and are used to screen out the unqualified applicants. For instance, if the position requires the ability to use a word processor, the resume provides a clear picture whether the person owns this ability or not. Resume screening is a standard procedure in most organizations during the selection process, despite their size, activity or culture. After the resume screen out, the remaining applicants will be invited for an interview, which is the most important step in the selection process. It supplements information obtained in other steps in the process to determine the suitability of an applicant for a specific opening. Organizations use several types of interviews. The structured interview is conducted using a predetermined outline that is based on the pre-mentioned job analysis, while unstructured interviews are not based on any outline, and use open ended questions. The structured interviews should be preferred over the unstructured ones, as the former helps the interviewer maintain control of the interview that all pertinent information on the applicant is covered systematically by also providing the same type of information on all interviewees. On the other hand, unstructured interviews may provide a more relaxed atmosphere, but they lack of systematic coverage of information and are very susceptible to the personal biases of the interviewer (Byars Rue, 141). Organizations use three additional types of interviewing  techniques to a limited extent; the stress interview, which puts the applicant under pressure while the interviewer adopts a hostile attitude toward the interviewee in order to detect who is highly emotional and who is not, the board or panel interview, in which two or more people conduct an interview with one applicant, and the group interview in which several applicants are questioned together. A successful interview requires training in the skills, techniques and requirements of successful interviewing. All these will include an effective preparation for the interview, such as scheduling a time and location for it, review of all paperwork of the applicant and the current position description and specification and making a list of interview questions that will help in collecting the information needed for the decision. When the applicant arrives, the interviewer should help him / her feel at ease by showing him / her polite and friendly attitude and let him / her know about the organization. During the interview, the answers the applicant will give will prove to be valuable source of information. Carefully selected open ended questions should be asked so that the answers given will help determine the suitability of the applicant to a particular position. Additionally, this will encourage the interviewees to supply more in depth information. But still, this should follow a specific and consistent outline in order to ensure a uniform method of questioning, which will be applied to all applicants. It is also important to allow silence for thinking and reflection by the applicant, so that he / she slowly reveals his / her basic competencies, which often determine the interviewees advantage over the rest of the applicants and affects the hiring decision. A basic competency is a knowledge, skill or behavior essential for one to function as an effective member of the specific organization and is an essential part of the selection criteria developed and reviewed before the interview questions are written (Univ. of Michigan, 38). Finally, it is important to record actual answers to questions as opposed to evaluative or conclusive comments. This will minimize subjectivity and biases, factors that may prove lethal during the hiring process, because the persons adopting them will most  probably end up with the wrong decision and an unsuitable new employee. Even though the interview will certainly tell a lot about the candidates qualifications, the only reliable way these qualifications can be measured are tests. The applicants can be tested before, during or after the interview. Tests can be classified as power versus speed tests, as well as written, oral or practical tests. They can measure knowledge, ability, skills, aptitude, attitude, honesty and personality (Billikopf, 20). Whatever the type of the test used, however, the integrity of test questions needs to be guarded. Many tests have undergone validation and reliability studies. The type of test to be used during the selection process depends on the size of the organization, its activity as well as the nature of the position that is to be filled. Aptitude tests measure a persons capacity or potential ability to learn and perform a job. Some of the more frequently used tests measure verbal ability, numerical ability, and perceptual speed, spatial and reasoning ability. Psychomotor tests measure a persons strength, dexterity and coordination. Job knowledge tests measure the job related knowledge possessed by a job applicant. Proficiency tests measure how well the applicant can do a sample of the work to be performed. The last ones are the most frequently used by employers worldwide, in all types of organizations. Other types of tests are interest tests, which are designed to determine how a persons interests compare with the interests of successful people in a specific job, personality tests which attempt to measure personality traits, polygraph tests with the use of the polygraph, a device that records physical changes in a persons body as he or she answers questions, and physical examinations (drug and AIDS testing or even genetic testing). The last ones are normally required only for the individual who is finally offered the job, and the job offer is often contingent on the individual passing the physical examination. The exam is given to determine not only whether the applicant is physically capable of performing the job but also his or her eligibility for group life, health and disability insurance (Byars, 143). Because of the expense, physical examinations are usually one of the last steps in the selection process. The final step in the selection process is choosing one individual for the job. There are usually more than one qualified persons, but if the previous steps in the selection process have been performed properly, the chances that a value judgment based on all the information gathered will be successful improve dramatically. Because people sometimes falsify their credentials and backgrounds, though, it is important to check references. Additionally, people sometimes interview well but have a record of not actually performing as well as they have led the interviewer to believe. Therefore, it is important to check out any areas in which there are doubts or uncertainties. Reference checks are also a form of insurance. The hour or two it takes to conduct a reference check is far less time than the time it will take to deal with performance, attitude or behavior problems (Univ. of Michigan, 36). The people that the responsible person for the selection has to contact are former supervisors, people whose names the candidate has given as work references to establish the working relationship, people that the employer knows personally who have worked with the candidate and people recommended by any of the above who are said to know the candidates work. However, some employers may hesitate to provide negative information about a former employee out of fear of lawsuits. Only people known and trusted can be relied on to give an accurate picture of a potential employee, and, even then, people have different perceptions and personalities, factors that must be considered when weighing employer references. After the evaluation process has been completed, the one most suitable applicant will finally be selected. Recruiting and selecting the right people for the organization is a challenge, and every situation is unique. Innovation, persistence and the ability to communicate the strengths of the business and the benefits of the positions offered, will attract high quality employees. Selecting among them will be hard, but if the selection process steps are implemented properly, the final decision will prove to be really beneficial to the organization. No matter who makes the final decision the human resource department, the manager of the department or even the owner of the firm -, this decision should be backed up by the correct procedure, otherwise the consequences  could be extremely costly, if not lethal. All managers should be trained on the selection process for the benefit of the organization. WORKS CITED Billikopf, Gregory. Labor Management in Agriculture: Cultivating Personnel Productivity. University of California. 2003. p. 2-5, 18-23. Brindow Peter, Spencer Leslie. When Quotas Replace Merit, Everybody Suffers. Forbes. Feb 1993. p. 80. Byars Lloyd, Rue Leslie. Human Resource Management. 8th edition. Mc Graw Hill. p. 141-144Job Analysis: An Overview. The HR Guide. Oct 2002. May 2006. http://www.job-analysis.net/G000.htmLee, Chris. Testing Makes a Comeback. Training Vol. 25. Dec 1988. p. 49-50. M-Pathways Employment Steering Committee Sub-Group Report. Conducting a Successful Employee Selection Process. University of Michigan. Apr 2001. p.20-35. Randall, James. A Successful Application Of The Assessment Center Concept To the Salesperson Selection Process. Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management. May 1985. p. 53.

The Hole In The Net :: essays research papers

Our social safety net has a hole in it. The fibers of the net are decaying; the hole is getting bigger. More people are falling through, and the people with the least strength are holding the most of the weight. Three to four million Americans are homeless according to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 5.5% cannot find jobs according to the Bureau of Labor and Statistics, and the figure is over twice that in the 20-24 year old age group, according to the Department of Education. A very slim minority of these people are sucking off the system, but the vast majority just had a bad break. Such is the story of Peter and Megan, as told by author Jonathan Kozol in his Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Book Award winner Rachel and Her Children: Homeless Families in America. Peter was a carpenter and she was a homemaker who raised their five children. They lived in a neat, working class apartment building in New York City. Peter did construction for public housing projects, and had a vast array of technical skills and tools: â€Å"I did carpentry. I painted. I could do wallpapering. I earned a living. We spent Sundays walking with our children on the beach.† It may sound like this was a happy family, living the American Dream. Perhaps they were -- they were self sufficient for all of the 12 years that they had been married, they had a steady income, a close and loving family, a home, and a chance for their children to do even better than they had done. Then the fire struck. They came racing home after hearing the news, only to find that everything had been destroyed. The children lost their pet dog and cat, Megan lost her grandmother’s china, but Peter perhaps lost the most: his tools. Since the fire, he has not had a job, because a carpenter without tools might as well not have eyes. He explained that for every job he had, he would add a new tool to his collection. But they all went up in the blaze. When Kozol first met them, they were living in a welfare hotel in New York, where they had been living for two years. They can’t get out because federal assistance programs (better known as welfare) tell them that their family limit for an apartment is $366 a month -- this with seven family members living in New York City. (In comparison, that’s about the rock bottom price for a week in a New York City one room motel.) In their two room â€Å"apartment†, the entire place is falling

Othello (How Is He Lead to His Demise) Essay

Shakespearean writing are ones of which, with a few strokes of a pen, can achieve more than novelists can achieve in a full length novel. Shakespeare’s writing is complex and includes great measures of love, hatred, loyalty, deception and betrayal. These traits of his texts are all evident in Othello. In Act 1, Othello is perceived as a noble moor. With Shakespeare’s invention of the manipulating and cunning Iago, the multi-layered use of Othello’s mothers handkerchief, and Othello’s past military training being resurfaced due to Iago’s lies, all lead Othello to his demise. Deception and betrayal are two of Iago’s worst traits when he is outranked by Cassio. Iago’s capacity for cruelty appears limitless, and no motivation he gives for his actions seems enough to explain the incredible destruction he wreaks on the lives of the people he knows best. His bitterness in not succeeding on becoming lieutenant is not a sufficient enough reason to match his countless acts of evil machinations. Iago uses a subtle approach when provoking Othello to become untrustworthy of Desdemona. He is able to hurt Othello successfully because he understands him so much. He grows closer to Othello as the plot progresses. In Act 2, scene 1 Iago states, â€Å"The moor, howbeit that I endure him not, is of constant, loving, noble nature†. These 3 adjectives indicate his awareness of Othello’s character. As Iago therefore continues to explain that he knows the noble moor would be a deserving husband of his wife, but then uses this knowledge to his power to play with Othello’s thoughts, using his strong love for Desdemona as a portal to self-destruction for all of those he knows best. He makes this statement in soliloquy after Othello and the entire company land on Cyprus. He is able to acknowledge that Othello is a worthy noble man, however, Iago reveals how evil and manipulating he can be, by wanting to utterly destroy Othello’s life and reputation. He is subbed when Othello gives the lieutenant’s position to Cassio. In return he makes ridiculous excuses that Othello slept with his wife Emilia, as another reason for revenge. It is all because of Iago’s cunning and evil power that he ruins these lives for his own sadistic pleasure. The noble moor is led to become the enraged murder when manipulative Iago tells Othello that Desdemona has given his mother’s handkerchief to Cassio. Act 3 Scene 3 is the beginning of Othello’s â€Å"handkerchief plot†, a seemingly insignificant event that becomes the means in which Othello, Desdemona, Cassio, Roderigo, Emilia and even Iago himself are completely undone. The handkerchief symbolizes love and with the manipulation of Iago, great depths of anger and untrustworthiness. Othello tells Desdemona that an Egyptian witch gave it to his mother, and it serves as a love charm. â€Å"Make it a darling like your precious eye. To lose’t or to give’t away were such a prediction as nothing else could match† Othello tells Desdemona. Othello’s simile here is an alarming one as it is evident that if Desdemona was to be unfaithful, the superstitious purposes can be equated in value for a precious bodily organ. Shakespeare cleverly allows this item to move amongst characters in the novel before Othello demands evidence of his wife’s disloyalty to him. Iago has already planned out his scheme before confronting Othello. â€Å"Tell me but this, have you not sometimes seen a handkerchief, spotted with strawberries in your wife’s hand?† Iago uses this rhetorical question as a persuasive technique to make his point more believable. He explains to Othello that earlier that day he seen Cassio wipe his mouth with the handkerchief. We know that Cassio has not seen the item, and it is in Iago’s pocket whilst he asks this question. Othello is so blinded by jealousy that he accepts Iago’s lie as the strongest possible evidence. Although he forgets Desdemona tried to bind his head with it at dinner. Through this imagery and plot device we see that the importance of the handkerchief assists the noble moor in becoming the enraged murderer in scene 5. Scene 5 sees the story unfold and the main characters undone. Othello enters the room as he hovers over Desdemona whilst he tries to prepare himself to kill her. â€Å"It is the cause; it is the cause, my soul, let me not name it to you, you chaste stars! It is the cause†. This use of repetition implies Othello’s constant thought process and how he knows in his mind she has done wrong. He feels as though he must put an end to her betrayal and disloyalty, if not for himself, but for future men she may do it to. His past military training makes the killing of his wife second nature, a routine manoeuvre that’s sees the horrible deed carried out far easier than the circumstances should have allowed. â€Å"Out, strumpet! Weep’st thou for him to my face?† Desdemona is questioned by Othello, asking if she is calling for Cassio right to his face. â€Å"Down, strumpet!†. Othello proceeds to call Desdemona a whore on numerous occasions. This dramatic visualization enforces the idea that Othello has been greatly manipulated. Iago’s words have pushed him to the extent that he can no longer see Desdemona the way he once used too. His second nature of killing and military training is evident when he does not give Desdemona that chance to say a last prayer. He tells her, â€Å"It is too late†, as he smoothers her with the pillow they once both lay on together. This cruel and unfair treatment comes from what he knows best. If in danger, you must protect yourself. Although he was not in physical harm, his heart was in a much deeper pain. He used his unique skills as his defence mechanism to kill. Othello has been considered one of the most painful of Shakespeare’s tragedies. It explores the collapse of a proud, honourable man, the killing of a beautiful, dedicated woman, and the unreasoning hate of a â€Å"motiveless† villain. The text has evoked terror and pity in audiences throughout the centuries. Othello however holds a power that is perhaps more abrupt and strongly felt for operating on the personal, human plane.